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The Two O'Clock War: The 1973 Yom Kippur Conflict and the Airlift That Saved Israel, by Walter J. Boyne
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It's usually called the Yom Kippur War. Or sometimes the October War. The players that surround it are familiar: Sadat and Mubarak, Meir and Sharon, Nixon and Kissinger, Brezhnev and Dobyrnin. It was a war that brought Arab and Jew into vicious conflict. A war in which Israel almost unleashed her nuclear arsenal and set two superpowers on a treacherous course of nuclear escalation.
And a war that eventually brought peace. But a peace fraught with delicate tensions, disputed borders, and a legacy of further bloodshed.
The Two O'Clock War is a spellbinding chronicle of the international chess game that was played out in October 1973. It is a story of diplomacy and military might that accounts for many of the dilemmas faced in the present-day Middle East.
This is a war that Israel never thought was possible. Surprised by the fury and excellent execution of the Arab onslaught, and perhaps more than a little complacent, Israel suddenly found itself on the point of losing a war because of a lack of ammunition, planes and tanks. The United States, after much vacillation, finally elected to help Israel, beginning a tremendous airlift (code name: Operation Nickel Grass) which incurred the wrath of the Arab states, and their sponsor, the Soviet Union.
Fortunately the airlift came just in time for Israeli ground forces to stabilize their positions and eventually turn the tide in the Sinai and Golan Heights. And it was all made possible by an operation that dwarfed the Berlin Airlift and the Soviets' simultaneous efforts in Egypt and Syria.
The Two O'Clock War is bound to become the definitive history of a war that quite literally approached Armageddon.
- Sales Rank: #323293 in Books
- Published on: 2002-09-14
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 10.70" h x 1.30" w x 5.70" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 320 pages
Amazon.com Review
In The Two O'Clock War Walter J. Boyne chronicles with intense detail the brief but furious October 1973 invasion of Israel by Egypt and Syria, an episode also known as the Yom Kippur War. Boyne alternates his attention between actual battlefield descriptions and the equally frantic maneuvering by diplomats and statesmen of the combatant countries, their allies. and, most ominously, Russia and the United States, which refused to stop rattling their sabers at each other. At least twice, the region--and by implication the greater world--came perilously close to suffering the ultimate nightmare: nuclear war. Boyne's language is often blunt but he is generally fair-minded: his showers of blame and praise fall on individuals on both sides of the conflict. Running through the book is his premise, convincingly presented, that a massive American airlift--Operation Nickel Grass--was the decisive factor in Israel's fending off defeat. The book--especially its military sections--demands a reader's full attention. --H. O'Billovich
From Publishers Weekly
Boyne's focus on Israel's initial defeats after being surprised by Egypt and Syria in the fall of 1973 establishes the key scenario of his book: a near-ultimatum to U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger that Israel's continuing deferral of the nuclear option would depend on American delivery of diplomatic and military aid. The best and most useful parts of the book are those devoted to the U.S. decision to mount a massive airlift, using the old reliable C-141s and the newer, larger C-5s, whose acquisition costs and technical reliability had been major points of controversy in earlier years. Boyne (Beyond Wild Blue), a retired air force colonel and former Air and Space Museum director, credits the U.S. Air Force's military airlift command with establishing a lifeline of vital equipment and spare parts that in turn sustained the Israeli Defense Force as it rallied and counterattacked enemies unable to exploit their initial victories. No less remarkable was the air force's ability simultaneously to sustain its other commitments in Vietnam and Europe a sharp contrast with a similar Soviet airlift to Syria and Egypt that suffered constant, embarrassing gridlocks. Initially unable to convince its Arab clients to accept a cease-fire, the Soviet Union turned to Kissinger. In face to face negotiations, the superpowers hammered out an agreement which almost collapsed when a Soviet-sanctioned Egyptian missile launch generated a chain reaction that culminated in the U.S. escalating its alert status to DefCon III and the Soviet Politburo debating a direct response. Boyne concludes that war was avoided less by positive decision making than because specific mistakes were not made. His emphasis on the importance of contingency informs the book as a whole and makes it a useful counterpoint to Michael Oren's recent account of the 1967 conflict, Six Days of War.
Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information, Inc.
From Library Journal
Boyne here tells the story of how, on Yom Kippur, October 6, 1973, Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack using tanks and jet bombers that could have ended the existence of Israel and started a nuclear war between the United States and the Soviet Union. In a controversial decision, the United States came to Israel's aid with an enormous airlift and changed the situation. Boyne (Beyond the Horizons; Beyond the Wild Blue) is a retired air force colonel and former Air and Space Museum director. While telling the dramatic story, he also provides valuable insight on war strategy, focusing on the psychological factors and subtle political interactions of the conflict's decision makers. In that respect, this book contrasts greatly with Michael Oren's recent Six Days of War, which focuses on documented and factual events. Boyne's writing is engaging and easy to read, making this book a good addition to public as well as academic libraries.
Ethan Pullman, Univ. of Pittsburgh Lib.
Copyright 2002 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A Great Read
By Jason S. Taylor
I have long held an interest in the Yom Kippur war. It has often been said to have been Israel's off-day. In fact if any other army but the IDF had performed it it would be praised. But of course Israel is supposed to be "Rabbi Rambo" and so having a hard fight is a bit of a let down from expectations. Past glories are not always easy to live with.
Yom Kippur was Israel's best performance ever. The '48 showed tenacity, ingenuity and resilience but little professionalism. It was also tainted by the reciprocal terrorism engaged in by both sides. The six day war was brilliant but required a conveniently helpful incompetence from the enemy that no army can afford to count on. In the Yom Kippur War Israel was attacked suddenly on two fronts by an enemy which had corrected many of it's previous flaws, before Israel had completely mobilized. In two weeks it had seized the initiative, practically conquered Syria and trapped an entire Egyptian army. One day perhaps, Israelis will look on these days as a "heroic age". If so the Yom Kippur war might be thought of as marking the end of an era.
The Two O Clock war is an exciting book. It goes from the fighting to the halls of power to the American airlift which kept Israel alive. Much of the book centers on Kissinger's machinations. Kissinger was a cold-blooded power-politician of the old style, and was a master at playing international poker with nations and peoples as the stakes. His personality grates on Americans and can be distasteful to the spirit of liberal democracy. But he was often useful. Like Tommy Atkins in the Kipling poem, Americans can dislike Kissinger and want to "shuck him out the brute". But though we don't like to think about it, it can be good to have him around, "When the guns begin to shoot"-and right after as well. If he was unscrupulous and autocratic, he was also a grandmaster of the game, and his cunning was if not always a credit to, certainly a windfall for our country. And for that alone his enemies might moderate their venom.
The Two O Clock war was a well written work on a campaign that holds a fascination. It is well worthy of your attention.
28 of 30 people found the following review helpful.
Reply to Mr. Henning
By MAC Pilot
It was with some discomfort that I read Mr. Henning's review. I have heard this statement before, ie "The FACT is most of the weapons sent were replacements for those taken out or un-used additions to what was available and in use. Most never saw action." (His emphasis) Apparently that is the official Israeli position. Now, I can understand why the State of Israel would want to promote this idea, after all, no one surrounded by possible future enemies in another war wants to admit a weakness. The trouble is, that statement is just plain nonsense. I was there. I was a US Air Force C-141 pilot at the time and flew a load of supplies from Charleston to Lajes, then was detached from my crew and used to augment other crews on the round trip to Lod. As a result I flew multiple round trips without ever returning to the States, thereby making many more trips to Israel than most. I remember what we were carrying and how much we were carrying. I remember the frantic atmosphere and the sense of desperation among the people at Lod. (I also remember the lovely El Al stewardesses who met every flight and gave every crew member a dozen red roses!) I remember the post mission recap where it was disclosed that the time from arrival at Lod until the ammunition was expended was eight hours. And I remember the FACT (my emphasis) that the vast majority of the Arab tanks destroyed were destroyed by Maverick and Tow anti tank missles, missles which were almost nonexistant in the prewar Israeli inventory.
I haven't really thought much about Operation Nickle Grass in the thirty years since but was amazed when I recently became aware of this apparent attempt to minimize the impact of this airlift. It is just not true and, frankly, is a bit irritating and insulting.
14 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
Enjoyable but Lightweight
By Vincent Dibartolo
I read this book right after Oren's "6 Day War", which was spectacular in its coverage of the 1967 conflict, so much of this might be clouded by that juxtaposition. This book was an easy read but there were a couple of things that left me wanting more.
One minor but annoying aspect was that there was a serious lack of maps (and lack of detail on the maps that did exist). I'm not a historian, so when the author spends 3 pages detailing an offensive designed to take or defend a certain town or area, I'd like to see a map with that town on it. Also, it would be nice to have an index of maps so I don't have to flip pages looking for them. These concerns are minor, of course.
The author's coverage of the imminence of nuclear war became almost comical. I counted at least 10 times he wrote that a certain event "would lead the world to the brink of nuclear conflict" or something very similar, in very dramatic fashion. Then he devoted no more than 3 pages to the actual nuclear standoff in such a passing fashion that I found it hard to believe that was all there was to it. To me, the nuclear threat is one of the more interesting aspects to this war, and it became filler.
The only other criticism I would offer is that the book does not do a comprehensive job of detailing the end of the war or the aftermath, both of which are critical to understanding why that region is the way it is today. He does spend a considerable number of pages describing the Israeli defiance of the cease-fire, but not nearly enough time discussing how Kissenger finally got them to recognize it.
These are all minor criticisms of a book that's certainly worth the read. I was concerned that too much attention was going to be paid to the airlift itself, but thankfully this was nicely balanced.
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